Commerce OBJ:
1-10: DCBCCADBBB
11-20: ACDADBDAAD
21-30: BABCDAAABC
31-40: ABABDBCADA
41-50: CCBBBAACAB
1a)
-The size of the market: The most common
limitation to division of labor is the size of
the market. By the size of the market, what is
meant is the size of the demand for a
particular commodity. If the size of the
market is very small and demand of the
commodity or product is not high, then
division of labor cannot really be practiced.
-Some work cannot be broken down into a
number of processes. Not all work can be
compatible with division of labor. The
production of certain commodities is so
simple that it involves only one or two
processes. And in these cases it is rational
and also economically rational to avoid
division of labor.
1b)
-Work becomes dull and monotonous
-Increased dependence
-Greater risk of unemployment.
1c)
-Increase in Production
-Reduction in the Cost of Production
-Availability of Commodities at a Cheaper
Price
-Saving of Capital and Tools
-Increase in the Number of Efficient-
Organizers
(7a)
contract is a voluntary arrangement between
two or more parties that is enforceable by law
as a binding legal agreement. Contract law
recognises and governs the rights and duties
arising from agreements
(7b)
1. To Protect against Poor Quality
Companies rarely produce shoddy products on
purpose. However, manufacturers may be
tempted to use low-quality material in making
certain appliances, causing them to be
defective.
2. To Stop Unethical Practices
The modern economy is fiercely competitive
and unethical business owners will cut corners
without regard to the health or safety of the
consumers. Unethical practices also produce
incredibly bad service and no consumer should
have to deal with it.
3. To See Consumer Justice Is Done
States have various laws protecting the
consumer, which sometimes are ignored by
business. One group legal services benefit that
can be performed is correspondence.
4. Countrywide Wants to Keep Consumers Safe
Defective products can be dangerous. When a
plan member needs consumer protection
advice the Countrywide attorney moves
quickly. The right counsel is given as a
necessary part of the group legal services
provided, and options are explained patiently
to the plan member.
2a)
-Legal and Regulatory Environment
-Financial Capital
-Competitive Factors
-Target Market
-Best location
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(5a)
(i) Helpful in planning: Marketing provides
information to management related with
planning for future programmers.
(ii) Helpful in making profit: Marketing can
generate revenue at a cost which will leave
some surplus in the form of net profits.
(iii) Helpful in distribution: In business
organization marketing department provides
information about quantity, time, means and
medium of transportation etc. of delivery of
goods in different places.
(iv) Helpful in exchanging information:
Marketing plays an important role for
exchanging information among consumers and
firms.
(5b)
(i) Advertising: The masses of customers
dispersed geographically can be reached with
the Promotional Tools of advertising, which
can be repeated for a number of
times. The popularity, size and success of the
selling organization are enhanced by the large
scale advertising.
(ii) Personal Selling: At certain stages of the
buying process, personal selling is the most
effective promotion tool in creating
customer’s preferences, convictions and
actions.
(iii) Sales Promotion: These Promotional tools
include sales promotion which further
contains a broad assortment of elements like
Coupons Cent-off Deals Premiums.
(iv) Public Relations: Public relations are
much different from the ads and they are more
influential than these ads.
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6a)
Second tier security market is a market where
buying and of existing securities of companies
take place.
6b)
1. It is an avenue for companies, investors to
raise capital.
2. The market provides opportunity for buying
and selling of shares of companies.
3. SSM affords investors the opportunity of
assessing the profitability and efficiency of
companies in order to know which company to
invest.
4. Investors are provided with the opportunity
of obtaining loans.
6c)
1. Application for Listing will only be
entertained if sponsored by a Dealing Member
of The Exchange.
2. The company must be a public company,
which will issue or has issued an invitation to
the public to subscribe for its shares or has
satisfied Council that the public is sufficiently
interested in the company’s shares to warrant
Listing.
3. All securities for which listing is sought
shall first be registered with the securities and
Exchange Commission.
4. Before the grant of Listing, all applicant
companies shall sign a General
Undertaking that they will provide promptly
certain information about their
operations and that they will follow certain
administrative procedures.
5. All companies admitted to Listing on The
Exchange shall pay a listing fee as
laid down in Appendix iv and these fees are

subject to review from time to time.